By
CAIRO (AP) — Egypt's
president on Thursday issued constitutional amendments granting himself
far-reaching powers and ordering the retrial of leaders of Hosni
Mubarak's regime for the killing of protesters in last year's uprising.
Mohammed Morsi decreed immunity for the panel drafting a new constitution from any possible court decisions
to dissolve it. He granted the same protection to the upper chamber of
parliament, which is largely toothless. Both bodies are dominated by
Morsi's Islamist allies.
Several
courts are currently looking into cases demanding the dissolution of
both bodies. Parliament's lower chamber, also dominated by Islamists,
was dissolved in June by a court decision on the grounds that the rules governing its election were illegal.
The
Egyptian leader also decreed that all decisions he has made since
taking office in June and until a new constitution is adopted are not
subject to appeal in court or by any other authority, a move that places
Morsi above oversight of any kind. He already has legislative powers
after the powerful lower chamber was dissolved days before he took
office June 30.
The decree for
retrials appeared aimed at launching a new prosecution of Mubarak. It
says those who held "political or executive" positions in the former
regime would be affected. Mubarak was convicted in June to life in
prison for failing to stop the killing of protesters during last year's
uprising against his rule, but many Egyptians were angered that he
wasn't convicted of actually ordering the crackdown and that his
security chief, Habib el-Adly, was not sentenced to death. Several top
police commanders were acquitted, and Mubarak and his sons were found
not guilty of corruption charges.
Morsi's decrees came as thousands
of demonstrators gathered in downtown Cairo for the fourth day running
to protest against Morsi's policies and criticize the Muslim
Brotherhood, the fundamentalist group from which the Egyptian leader
hails. They come one day after he won lavish praise from U.S. President
Barack Obama and Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton for mediating
an end to eight days of fighting between Israel and Gaza's Hamas rulers, whose parent group is the Brotherhood.
Morsi
also on Thursday fired the country's top prosecutor by decreeing with
immediate effect that he could only stay in office for four years. Abdel-Maguid Mahmoud
has been in the job for close to a decade. Morsi fired Mahmoud for the
first time in October, but had to rescind his decision when he found
that the powers of his office do not empower him to do so.
Mahmoud,
a Mubarak-era appointee, has faced widespread accusations that his
office did a shoddy job collecting evidence against dozens of police
officers who were tried and acquitted on charges of killing protesters
during the uprising.
Thursday's decisions were read on state television by Morsi's spokesman, Yasser Ali.
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